3G Mobile Communication

Question: Discuss about the3G Mobile Communication. Answer: Understanding SMS and MMS: SMS is known as Short SMS Service, which is designed as replacement for pager. It is a two-way communication process with maximum character length of 160 characters. Characters supported are ASCII and additional European characters. Largely used in Hospitals, Military Service, Police. The Format of SMS Packet Data are transferred in the form of single DCCH SPACH packet (Loo, Mauri and Ortiz 2016). The message data package consist of the following networks SCA- Service Centre Address PDU- Protocol Data Unit VP- Validity Period MR- Message Reference DA- Destination Address UDL- User Data Length PID- Protocol Identifier DCS- Data Coding Scheme UD- User Data Understanding MMS: MMS can be defined as Multimedia Messaging Services which aallows the transfer of text as well photos (Huang et al. 2012). The devices does not need to be compatible however it is worth mentioning that if the devices are not compatible the recipients will receive internet link and the message can be viewed on the internet at later stages. The facilities of sending Multimedia Messages are also available on GRPS devices. Steps to Send Multi-Media Messages on 3G and on 4G: Below listed are the steps, which are involved in the sending of multi-media messages over the 3G and 4G networks Messaging interface Photo album MMS message MMS delivery Delivery of SMS over 3G and 4G Networks Below listed are the steps, which are, involved in the delivery of SMS over 3G and 4G networks which are as follows; For transmission of SMS over 3G and 4G networks a special kind of server SMS Centre is implemented The device is accountable for sending or receiving SMS over the Short Message Entity SME on fixed gateway. The SMS gateway is responsible for forwarding the SMS visiting MSC (VMSC) It also informs the Home Location Register on delivery of message. It is worth mentioning that in order to reach the message to the SC, the PLMN transfer the message from the VMSC to the Message Service Centre where Service Centre is located (Dahlman, Parkvall and Skold 2013). The SMS-Interworking MSC receives the message from the PLMN and sends the message to the recipient. Commands Used in Delivery of Messages Delivery of messages over the 3G and 4G networks involves three commands Sub-Submit: In charge of transmitting the message to MS and SC SMS Command: In charge of sending command from MS to SC. It contains TP-MR (Message Reference) to uniquely identify the message SMS Submit Report: In charge of acknowledging SMS-Submit or SMS Command or identifying the cause of failure (Loo, Mauri and Ortiz 2016). Delivery of MMS under 3G: MMS messages can be transmitted within a spare capacity The media can be trickled into the users device The users is informed of the message once the data or MMS is received in their device MMS reduces the storage overhead however, it increases the network overhead Delivery of MMS under 4G: MMS in 4G is transmitted through using WAP protocol in GSM based networks The user applications under this network layer is transformed to deal with MMS MMS less than 4G provides the access to move MMS messages on the internet platforms as well in order to provide security to the messages (Bikos and Sklavos 2013). Reference List: Bikos, A.N. and Sklavos, N., 2013. LTE/SAE security issues on 4G wireless networks.IEEE Security Privacy,11(2), pp.55-62. Dahlman, E., Parkvall, S. and Skold, J., 2013.4G: LTE/LTE-advanced for mobile broadband. Academic press. Huang, J., Qian, F., Gerber, A., Mao, Z.M., Sen, S. and Spatscheck, O., 2012, June. A close examination of performance and power characteristics of 4G LTE networks. InProceedings of the 10th international conference on Mobile systems, applications, and services(pp. 225-238). ACM. Loo, J., Mauri, J.L. and Ortiz, J.H. eds., 2016.Mobile ad hoc networks: current status and future trends. CRC Press. Pentikousis, K., Wang, Y. and Hu, W., 2013. Mobileflow: toward software-defined mobile networks.IEEE Communications magazine,51(7), pp.44-53. Xu, X., He, G., Zhang, S., Chen, Y. and Xu, S., 2013. On functionality separation for green mobile networks: concept study over LTE.IEEE Communications Magazine,51(5), pp.82-90.